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Article 368: Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and procedure therefor

Provides Parliament power and procedure to amend the Constitution, including special majority and, for certain matters, State ratification.

Part XXactive

In this article

What it means

Plain-language explanation

Where you notice it

Daily civic life

How it protects you

Citizen protection

What to remember

Exam and recall pointers

What it means

Simple explanation

Article 368 explains how the Constitution can be amended, subject to the basic structure doctrine developed by the Supreme Court.

Practical daily-life use

Where citizens notice it

  • Relevant whenever constitutional amendments are debated.
  • Helps understand why some changes need State ratification.

How it protects you

Citizen protection context

  • Allows democratic constitutional change through a formal process.
  • Basic structure review protects the Constitution core from destructive amendments.

Example situations

General civic examples

  • Parliament passes a constitutional amendment with special majority.
  • An amendment affecting federal features is ratified by States where required.

Citizen note

Learning note

The Constitution text gives the amendment process; the basic structure limitation comes from Supreme Court interpretation.

Exam pointers

What to remember

  • Article 368 provides amendment power and procedure.
  • Kesavananda Bharati is essential for basic structure.

Related articles

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Art. 13: Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of Fundamental RightsArt. 32: Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by Part IIIArt. 226: Power of High Courts to issue certain writs

Source references

Verification basis

Last reviewed against official sources: 2026-05-20.